Carnival in Spain Tenerife

It is celebrated in the late February, the week leading up to lent, it lasts for their weeks and it is a time for partying.

Tenerife is the city of Santa Cruz. In their carnival they emphasis on beauty pageants and a lot of contests are held. One of the most popular things in the carnival of Tenerife is the crowning of the queen. It is the second best in the country because it is beaten by Rio de Janeiro. In the time of the carnival the businesses, shops and offices are closed early so they can prepare for the carnival. Wearing a costume to this event is a tradition.

Most popular events:

The gala Reinar is a gala which they select a queen which has the most amazing costume made with feathers, beads and satin. In this event everybody can compete, there is a contest for every age group. Another event is called the Drag queen of the carnival costumes as well. When the competitions are finished there is a parade called the cabalgata, it is a grand parade,the reason for this grand parade is to applaud the winners of the competitions and dance around them. To close the carnival there is an event called the burial of the sardine, this is when a fish is made out of a thirty foot paper is taken to the streets of Santa Cruz and male widows with miniskirts and fish nets with fish inside dancing around it. The reason for this event is because sardines are forbidden to be cached at that time.

  

Dressed as clowns                             the grand parade.

Bibliography:

Carnival in Tenerife | Carnaval de Tenerife. 2013. Carnival in Tenerife | Carnaval de Tenerife. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.spanish-fiestas.com/festivals/carnival-tenerife/. [Accessed 20 May 2013].

carnival in Netherlands

The carnival in Netherlands is celebrated in every spring before Ash Wednesday.

The rituals of the carnival:

 The Carnival committee sees that nobody is sad and not is series. They hold parades with floats and paper figures on them. There are bands who sing oompah music and everybody dances the canga in the streets.

From where is started?

It dates back from the Second World War. At first the carnival was a good excuse to eat and drink. The name carnival is connected to the word meat because carne which means meat. In the seventeenth century the carnival faded because it got influenced from the north. After the Second World War they continued the tradition, they elected their own carnival prince. In the sixties it spread all over the provinces (foreign).

carnival in Netherlands.

Bibliography

Celebrate Carnival in Holland - article - Holland.com. 2013. Celebrate Carnival in Holland - article - Holland.com. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.holland.com/uk/tourism/article/celebrate-carnival-in-holland.htm. [Accessed 20 May 2013].

Art Nuevo

What is art nuevo?

It was a style in which it transferred the art of modernization in visual arts. The movement began from 1870 until the 1900, in Europe and North America it was shown in a way of fantasy which connects to the urban revolution by this means questions were asked to the people themselves who are they and what they could be. This style didn’t last long. It passed from the European and North America. The inspiration of this style came from the manufactures which means the design on the objects, public institutions again the design on the buildings and Architectures, publishing houses, individual arts, who they are and who they want to be. The goal of this style was to transform the visual culture into a modern as the style into Art Nouveau, by this means it was said to be the style of all the movements. In 1893 to 1915 the works of Art Nouveau were showing strongly in London, Brussels and Paris. Artists were inspired by this and were trying to make the same and explore this style. This style was mostly shown on selling objects.

In this style four important creative movements happened:

The first one was in London in March 1883, a new issue of Journal which was called the studio. The author was a young illustrator called Aubrey Beardsley. It was the first time that he published his work to the world and he caught eyes of many people from the North America and Europe.

The name art Nuevo means the wild which was the first image of art Nuevo.

Second movement:

In 1883 which took place in Brussels. They started to invent and make terrace houses in st Gilles city, this is when architecture was starting to show.      

The third creative movement:

In Brussels henry van de valve published a book which was called a clean sweep for art. In this book the information of himself was put inside it of two years. In this book he spoke about the new generation of artists and art, this book was written in a romantic style. It had many articles of art to show the idea to create everything interior which relates to other objects and to create an environment of an interior to be complete.  They began to create textile furniture, wallpaper and lightning.  

This is how the movement in December was moving and changing in the same time. in December 1859 in Paris they opened a new gallery in providence, it was named l’ art Nuevo art which was promoted and sold here.

In 1895 the style was moved to all over Europe.

1895 to 1900 the style became an essential of the life of the community.                      


Bibliogrophy:     

Paul Greenhalgh, 2000. Essential Art Nouveau. First edition & printing Edition. V&a Publications.

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Carnival in Venice:

Some history of the carnival in Venice:

In Venice the carnival starts at the beginning of the lent and ends to the last day of lent, the day before Ash Wednesday.  The reason that they started the carnival was their victory of the Republic Della surenmissima in 1162. They honoured this victory by meeting up in the San Marco square to dance. In the 1339 a law came out that they couldn't wear masks when visiting nuns and couldn't wear vulgar clothes and they couldn't paint their faces or wear wigs. At the end of the republic the masks were forbidden. In 1797 the government of Austria banned the festivals and the masks they would wear.

It was Revived in 1979 by the Italian government and was told to go back to their carnival traditions. The Venetian college students redeveloped the masks and by this they began to be more and more famous.  

The masks could be worn at any time of the year and there are different masks for different people and that could show their emotions.  When the masks started they used to be made with porcelain or with glass techniques, but nowadays they are made by applying the gesso and gold leaf, the gesso is gypsum.   When they first started the carnival, there is little evidence that they used to wear masks.

Types of masks:

Bauta:  the colour is a simple stark white. The mask covers the entire face, it has an over prominent nose , a projecting chin- line , no mouth, the beak is like a chin enable to talk, with the mask they usually wear a red or black cape and a tricorn which a hat.

It has to be worn when making a political decision. It is usually worn by men and they painted woman wearing it.

 

Columbia:  it is a half mask; it covers the user’s eyes, nose and upper cheeks, decorated with gold, silver, crystals and feathers. The name of the mask is called for an actress which they designed the mask for her because she didn't want her face covered completely.

In this time woman and men wear this.

Medica della peste/ the plague doctor.

 This mask didn't start as a carnival mask, it was used to prevent the user to get the disease and not spread the disease if they had it. It has a long beak; it is white, round eyeholes and covered with crystal.

 

Mute dark one lady:  it is a small strapless black velvet mask cut eyeholes and no lips. It was invented in France and got popular in Venice from the 1751 – 1760.

Volto which means face

 It has a stark white colour, gilded and decorative tricon and a cloak and it covers the entire face.

Pantalone: he who wears the pants or father figure.

It shows a sad old man with an over sized nose and it is half a mask.

Arlecchino: it is a character of comedy.

It is a wooden half mask painted black, a short blunt, ape like nose and round big eyebrows.

zanni: theatrical character.

It is a half mask in leather, bulging eyebrow, long nose with a reverse curve towards the end of stupidity.

Mask makers: 10^th April 1436

How they created them, they drew their faces into their plaster and played with shape and they paid attention to detail.

Today the masks are the most famous from the theme carnivals around Europe. They have a lot of nice costumes as well but it is best known for the masks.

  Bibliography: 

bauta mask - Fittex bil-Google. 2013. bauta mask - Fittex bil-Google. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.google.com.mt/search?q=bauta+mask&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=XveTUdzIArKO7Qa1-4G4Ag&sqi=2&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=635#tbm=isch&sa=1&q=bauta+mask&oq=bauta+mask&gs_l=img.3..0l2j0i5l2j0i24l3.31837.37413.26.37748.10.10.0.0.0.0.299.1842.2j3j5.10.0...0.0...1c.1.12.img.v3jqxWyIo3M&bav=on.2,or.r_qf.&fp=41975a2b75470549&biw=1366&bih=635. [Accessed 15 May 2013].

Carnival of Venice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Carnival of Venice - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival_of_Venice. [Accessed 15 May 2013]. 

carnivals and fair grounds: general knowledge

It is a festival season which began before lent usually during the month of February. They used to dress up to change their daily life.  During lent there was no parties and they used to fast for  six weeks and the people didn’t eat foods which were expensive like meat, dairy products, fats and sugars. Before the lent any rich foods and drinks had to be put away as an act to god because he had spent forty days in the cold and no food. The food that was put away and they would use it for this giant party called the carnival

The first carnival and masquerade balls were took in medieval Italy, than spread to Spain, Portugal, France and Rhineland Germany and New France and North America. From Spain they moved to the Caribbean and Latin America, the first worldwide carnival took place in cologne Germany in 1823.

carnival in Rome. circa 1650 

Some carnival traditions came from the pre- Christian times. The Italian took the idea from the ancient Roman festivals of saturnalia and bacchanalia. The saturnalia is the temple of Saturn in the Roman forum. Medieval pageants were happening from the Greek and ancient festivals. There was also the corpus Christ which means the Latin rite celebrating the belief in the body and the blood of Jesus Christ and by this the carnivals where a manifesto of a medieval folk culture. The costumes are based on the pre Christian rituals of the rites involving the masked figures in that time.

The West Indian people went to the United Kingdom with the traditions of the Caribbean celebrations however in these countries Notting hill, London, Leeds, Yorkshire and other places they became alone and individual events and are not connected to the religious cycle because they take place in summer months.

Bibliogrophy: 

Carnival - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2013. Carnival - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnival. [Accessed 15 May 2013].